§ 01
Definition
Services such as anti-spam lists, fraud-prevention vendors and streaming platforms keep databases of risky addresses. Shared VPN IPs often carry a mixed reputation because thousands of people, including a few abusers, use them.
§ 02
How it works
When you visit a site, it checks your IP against these sources. A poor score can trigger extra CAPTCHAs, blocked sign-ups, payment checks or a streaming 'proxy detected' message. Reputation is also affected by the ASN the address belongs to.
§ 03
Why it matters
It explains everyday VPN friction: why Google shows more CAPTCHAs, why a bank asks for extra verification, or why one server works for streaming and another does not. Switching servers or using a dedicated IP usually helps.